Copyright: Copyright Basics

This guide provides information on copyright in relation to library collections and their use for teaching, learning and research.

Copyright

Copyright what it is and what it isn't
What does copyright protect?

The owner of copyright is the author, meaning the person who creates the work. For example a photographer is the owner in the case of a photograph.

However, as copyright is a form of property, the right may be transferred to someone else, for example, to a publisher

The owner has the exclusive right to prohibit or authorise others to undertake the following:

copy the work
perform the work
make the work available to the public through broadcasting or recordings
make an adaptation of the work.

Where an employee in the course of employment creates the work, the employer is the owner of the copyright in the work, unless an agreement to the contrary exists.

This guide is being updated to reflect most recent legislation in this area, Copyright and Other Intellectual Property Law Provisions Act 2019 The Irish Librarians CONUL Regulatory Affairs group are currently working on an updated version of their Copyright Briefing Guide for Library Staff

The Copyright and Related Rights Act, 2000 identifies copyright protection for:

original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works (traditionally called the “classical” copyrights);
film, sound recordings, broadcasts and the typographical arrangement of published editions (often called “related rights”, because they involve the exploitation of “classical” works);
computer software and non-original databases (despite their modest credentials as “creative” works) and
performances.

See also: Irish Patents Office: "What Is Copyright?"

Collection of Irish and EU Intellectual Property Legislation via Department of Jobs, Enterprise, and Innovation

A work may be used by anyone for the purpose of research or private study without the permission of the author, provided the use is conducted in a way which does not prejudice the rights of the copyright owner.

The work may also be used for criticism or review or for reporting current events, with the same proviso, and provided further that the use of the work is accompanied by an acknowledgement identifying the author and the title work.

This bundle of exceptions is known as “fair dealing”. Although the legislation does not state the fact, it is unlikely that the making of multiple copies of a work will ever qualify as fair dealing.

See also: "Fair Dealings" in FAQ section of Copyright Association Ireland.

UCD has obtained license (required) from the Irish Copyright Licensing Agency to carry out limited copying.

Under the terms of the ICLA license agreement extracts from books, journals and periodicals published in territories specified in the License (www.icla.ie) may be copied provided that the copies:

Are for the educational purposes of the establishment;
Are accompanied by sufficient acknowledgement such as bibliographic citation;
Do not exceed:
- One complete chapter or 5% of a book, whichever is greater;
- One article from a periodical or journal;
- The whole of a short story or poem not exceeding 10 pages in length from an anthology.
However, certain categories of works are not covered by the terms of the licence including newspapers, maps and printed music.
If there is a requirement to copy from a work for educational purposes that is included in the list of Excluded Works, permission must be sought from the owner of the copyright in the work.
For more on photocopying, see the section on Photocopying and Scanning

Duration of Copyright Protection

Copyright protection expires 70 years after the last of the following dies, the director, the author of the screenplay, the author of the dialogue of the film, or the author of the music composed for use in the film

Copyright protection expires 70 years after the sound recording is made or if it is made available to the public then 50 years from the date it was made available to the public

Further Information

For information about Avoiding Plagiarism and Citing and Referencing check out our online guide with links to tutorials, examples and a quiz.

email: libcopyright@ucd.ie

We would like to thank Michael Stoller from NYU Libraries and colleagues from University of Manchester Library for permission to re-use some content of their guides.

The information contained within these pages is intended as a general guideline, and an interpretation of current copyright issues. It is not intended and should not be construed as legal advice.

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Last Updated: Nov 12, 2024 4:21 PM
URL: https://libguides.ucd.ie/copyright
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