APA Style Guide: Journal articles

When you have a source with two to twenty authors, include all the authors names, including an ampersand (&) preceded by a comma.
 

In-Text-Citation (two authors):

• First Author Last name and Second Author Last name (Year)...
• (First Author Last name & Second Author Last name, Year)...

In-Text-Citation (three to twenty authors):

• First Author Last name et al. (Year)...
• (First Author Last name et al., Year)...

Examples:

• Murphy et al. (2014) discuss the ethics of breeding white rats purely for experimentation purposes....
• The article clearly articulates reasons why scientists should question both the ethics and validity of using white rats to generalise to human behaviour (Murphy et al., 2014).

Note: only include the issue number when it is available.

Reference: 

Last name, Initials First and all authors. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal. Volume number (Issue number) page.

Example: 

Murphy, T., McGuigan, S., Shamely, H., Pennard, C., Coulstan, W., Osted, B., & Witcherly, C. (2014). Learning from the animals: The ethics of using white rats in psychological experiments. Journal of Animal Observation, 24, 130-170.

When there are twenty one or more authors, list the first nineteen author names followed by an ellipsis (...) followed by the final author's name. 
 

In-Text-Citation:

• First Author Last name et al. (Year)...
• (First Author Last name et al., Year)...

Example:

• Murphy et al. (2014) discuss the ethics of breeding white rats purely for experimentation purposes....
• The article clearly articulates reasons why scientists should question both the ethics and validity of using white rats to generalise to human behaviour (Murphy et al., 2014).

Note: only include the issue number when it is available.

Reference: 

Last name, Initials First and next nineteen authors ... Final author Last name, Initials. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal. Volume number (Issue number) page.

Example: 

Murphy, T., McGuigan, S., Shamely, H., Pennard, C., Coulstan, W., Osted, B., Hartley, J.R., Morse, S.R., Myles, G., Vaughan, V. W., Lee, L., Arthur, M., Han, K. W., Laing, X., Olsen, A. M., Matthews, S., Favier, V. B., Xian, H. W., Smith, L., . . . Witcherly, C. (2014). Learning from the animals: The ethics of using white rats in psychological experiments. Journal of Animal Observation, 24, 130-170.

In-Text-Citation:

• Author(s) Last name (Year)
• (Author(s) Last name Year)

Example:

• Hayes et al. (2007) show...
• A different approach (Hayes et al., 2007) shows….

Note: only include the issue number where it is available.

Note on URLs: To get shorter URLs you are permitted to use a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) as above. These can usually be found under the title of the journal article either on a database or on the journal article itself. DOIs are permanent links that will not disappear over time.

Note: If there are no page numbers, and you need to quote directly from a source, include either a section heading or paragraph number in your in-text-citation, e.g. Hayes et al., 2007, para. 6.

Reference: 

Author(s) Last name, Initials. (Year). Article title. Journal Title, Volume(Issue no.), Page numbers. DOI/URL

Example:

Hayes, B. C., McAllister, I., & Dowds, L. (2007). Integrated Education, Intergroup Relations, and Political Identities in Northern Ireland. Social Problems, 54, 454-482. 10.1525/sp.2007.54.4.454.