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MLA Style Guide: Emails and interviews

This guide covers how in-text citations and references should be formatted in the MLA Style, 9th Edition.

Emails and interviews

In-Text-Citation:
  • (Sender Last name)
Example:
  • Recent figures provided suggest that … (Scott).
  • In an email sent to the author, Graham Scott suggests that the figures….
Reference: 

Sender Last name, First name. "Subject Title of Email." Message to Recipient First Name Last Name, Day Month Year. 

Example: 

Scott, Graham. "Re: Information Literacy." Message to Aisling Quinn, 14 Feb. 2005.

A personal interview means that it has not been published.


In-text Citation:
  • (Interviewee Last name)
Example:
  • Additional figures provided (Higgins) prove ....
Reference: 

Interviewee Last name, First name. “Title of interview” (if any). Day Month Year of interview.

Example:

Higgins, John. Personal interview. 7 Sept. 2010.

If the interview is part of a publication, recording or programme, enclose the title of the interview, if any, in quotation marks; if the interview was published independently, italicize the title. If the interview is untitled use the descriptive label Interview, neither italicized nor enclosed in quotation marks. The interviewer's name may be added if known and pertinent to your paper. Conclude with the appropriate bibliographic information of where the interview was published (e.g. newspaper, online, book).


In-Text-Citation:
  • (Interviewee Last name Page no)
  • (Page no)
Example:
  • Kazuo Ishiguro has been described as viewing English subjects through a non-English lens (Hollinghurst 73).
  • Alan Hollinghurst suggests that Ishiguro views English subjects through a non-English lens (73).
Reference:

Interviewee Last name, First name. "Title of interview" (if any). See REF for relevant format (book, film, newspaper etc.)

Example:

Hollinghurst, Alan. Interview by Pat Wheeler. Contemporary British and Irish Fiction: An Introduction through Interviews. edited by Sharon Monteith, Jenny Newman and Pat Wheeler. London Hodder, 2004, 71-86. 

Example:

Blanchett, Cate. "In Character with: Cate Blanchett." Notes on a Scandal. Directed by Richard Eyre, Fox Searchlight, 2006.