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Chicago Style Guide 17th Edition: Emails and interviews

This referencing style guide is based on the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th Edition. It has many different reference types. It gives detailed examples of how these references should be formatted in the "Notes and Bibliography" style.

Emails and interviews

Unpublished interviews and personal communications are cited only as footnotes.


In-Text Citation: 

Use a superscript number (like this: ¹) in the text at the place where you are indicating that you are citing from a source.

Example:

Mike Forrester in a private email told me that badger-fighting was common in Tipperary in his own childhood in the forties.²


Footnote: 

#. First Name Last name, Description, Month Day, Year.

Example:

2. Mike Forrester, e-mail message to author, January 20, 2011.


Note: Unpublished interviews and personal communications are cited only as notes.

Unpublished interviews and personal communications are cited only as footnotes.


In-Text Citation: 

Use a superscript number (like this: ¹) in the text at the place where you are indicating that you are citing from a source.

Example:

Mark Jones, in an interview with the author, claimed that it is almost impossible for a conservative academic to win promotion in the social sciences.³


Footnote: 

#. First name Last Name of interviewee, interviewed by First name Last Name, Month Day, Year.

Example:

13. Mark Jones, interview by Paul Scott, April 15, 2009.

Note: Unpublished interviews and personal communications are cited only as notes.